Mediterranean Empires of the Interwar Period
Rome
Du 18/03/2019 au 21/03/2019
18-21 mars 2019
École française de Rome et Deutsches Historisches Institut in Rom/Istituto Storico Germanico di Roma
colloque international
Mediterranean Empires of the Interwar Period
Geopolitics, Biopolitics, Chronopolitics
Org. Manuel Borutta (DFG – Université de Constance)
After World War I, the Mediterranean was reinvented. The region moved from the margins to the center of political attention and became the object of comprehensive imperial visions. New policies arose that were aimed at fundamentally transforming both the region and its people. After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, borders were redrawn irrespective of the existing social, ethnic and religious composition of the local populations. France and Britain extended their imperial rule to include the former Ottoman provinces in the Levant. In turn, Fascist Italy challenged their hegemony over the region and declared the Mediterranean a “mare nostrum”. Our workshop focuses on the dynamics initiated by the Fascist challenge and on the competing, yet related European visions of the Mediterranean that it brought forth. We will discuss in how far the concepts of geopolitics, biopolitics and chronopolitics are helpful for grasping both the visions of the Mediterranean as well as the characteristic features of the imperial practices on the ground. We also take a closer look at islands and the changes their populations were confronted with when these highly contested places changed hands. Furthermore, the workshop scrutinizes mutual perceptions of the Mediterranean empires and the transfer of imperial know-how. Finally, we hope to highlight the ambivalent role of Christian missionaries. Our aim is to better understand the making of the modern Mediterranean in what turns out to be a crucial period of its transition.